Situated in Wiltshire, in the southern part of England, Stonehenge stands as one of the most renowned and enigmatic prehistoric landmarks across the globe.It consists of a series of massive stone pillars arranged in concentric circles, surrounded by a circular earthen embankment and ditch, approximately 90 meters in diameter. For centuries, scholars have attempted to unlock the meaning and purpose of this site, but the true function of Stonehenge remains unclear.

Archaeologists from the University of Birmingham recently conducted large-scale surveys of the area surrounding Stonehenge, uncovering 15 previously unknown monuments. These discoveries suggest that many traces of ancient human activity may lie beneath Stonehenge itself. Using sensors to detect these sites, scientists found a wealth of evidence related to rituals. Notably, these new findings indicate that ancient people may have connected the rising and setting of the sun with rituals, regularly engaging in activities to commemorate their connection with nature and the cosmos.

For thousands of years, Stonehenge has fascinated scholars and remains a key window into the study of prehistoric civilizations. Traditional views hold that the construction of Stonehenge may have been linked to astronomy and the positioning of the sun in relation to the seasons, particularly in connection with the solstices. Considering these astronomical phenomena, it is believed that ancient people may have used Stonehenge for precise timekeeping and seasonal observations, demonstrating their deep understanding of the sun’s movement.

While no definitive evidence exists to explain how the ancient builders moved these massive stones, scientists have proposed several hypotheses. For example, ancient people may have used wooden rollers or sled systems, working together to transport the multi-ton stones from distant quarries to the site. Additionally, modern research has revealed techniques such as the use of water or clay to reduce friction, making the movement of the stones easier.

In addition to these astronomical and engineering discoveries, the area around Stonehenge contains some astonishing historical relics. As early as 1620, archaeologists unearthed cattle skulls and coal residue near the site, with carbon dating placing these remains at around 2600 BCE.

In 2003, University College London researcher Mike Parker Pearson also found animal bones and stone tools around Stonehenge, further confirming its role as a symbol of religion and power. These discoveries suggest that Stonehenge may have served as a “sacred site” combining ritual, social power, and death worship, where activities linked to cosmic and natural forces were performed.

Through in-depth research on Stonehenge and its surrounding areas, scientists are gradually unveiling part of the mystery of this ancient site. It not only symbolizes the exceptional achievements of ancient people in astronomy and engineering but may also have been a site filled with religious and social significance. Although we may never fully solve all the mysteries of Stonehenge, these recent findings undoubtedly bring us closer to understanding the true nature of this ancient structure, sparking even more anticipation for humanity’s exploration of past civilizations.